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If possible the period must be before, during or after the middle ages. I need help for my research paper. By the way, when I say treatment, I mean if they are harassed, maltreated, taken care of and others. Please give links. Thanks!
Answer
Medieval laws existed to protect the rights of orphans. Medieval medicine approached the treatment of children separately from adults. In general, children were recognized as vulnerable, and in need of special protection.
http://historymedren.about.com/od/medievalchildren/a/child_intro.htm
During the Middle Ages, children born with physical defects or behavioral abnormalities were often viewed as evil or the product of supernatural forces. Changelings were infants believed to be exchanged in the still of the night by devils or goblins who removed the real child and left the changeling in its place.
http://www.deathreference.com/Ho-Ka/Infanticide.html
Many women from rich backgrounds would have married when they were teenagers. Medieval society had a different outlook to children when compared to today. Children from poor families would have worked from the earliest age possible and they were treated as adults from the age of ten or eleven. Many girls from poor families did not get married until they were in their twenties. Girls from richer families tended to marry earlier than girls from poor families. The poorer families needed as many working for them as was possible, so a daughter getting married at an early age would have deprived them of a worker. This was not true for a rich family.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/medieval_women.htm
In noble and bourgeois families , the children were often also an instrument to enlarge family’s holdings and wealth through advantageous marriages. Thus parents often arranged marriages of their children while they were only infants. http://www.medievaltimes.info/medieval-life-and-society/children-in-the-middle-ages.html
If the child lived through the first year, it was soon walking and talking. Young children would have been given small chores like feeding the chickens or washing the dishes, but were otherwise free to play up until the age of around seven. Peasant children whose families were almost always poor wouldn't have had many toys. Fathers and older siblings might make a child a wooden spinning top, a doll, or a set of blocks. Most of the time though, children played with what was available and used their imaginations.
Around the age of seven, children began to learn what they would need to know for their adult lives. Younger male children might attend a village school run by the local church. There they would learn important prayers and songs, and a smattering of Latin and mathematics. When a male child was old enough to be useful, he would go to work with his father or another villager as an apprentice. As an apprentice, the boy would learn everything he would need to support himself and his family. Most male children, especially the eldest, worked the same job as their father. Girl children didn't usually receive formal schooling. Instead, they stayed home with their mothers and learned how to be a good housewife and mother. They learned how to weave cloth, cook, grow vegetables, make butter, clean house, tend children, and other necessary things.
http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/history/middleages/pdailylife.html
Formal education was unusual in the Middle Ages, although by the fifteenth century there were schooling options to prepare a child for his future. Some cities such as London had schools that children of both genders attended during the day. Here they learned to read and write, a skill that became a prerequisite for acceptance as an apprentice in many Guilds. A small percentage of peasant children managed to attend school in order to learn how to read and write and understand basic math; this usually took place at a monastery. For this education, their parents had to pay the lord a fine and usually promise that the child would not take ecclesiastical orders. When they grew up, these students would use what they'd learned to keep village or court records, or even to manage the lord's estate. Noble girls, and on occasion boys, were sometimes sent to live in nunneries in order to receive basic schooling. Nuns would teach them to read (and possibly to write) and make sure they knew their prayers. Girls were very likely taught spinning and needlework and other domestic skills to prepare them for marriage. Occasionally such students would become nuns themselves.
http://historymedren.about.com/od/medievalchildren/a/child_learn.htm
Children were spanked as a means of protection rather than abuse.
http://historymedren.about.com/od/medievalchildren/a/child_play_3.htm
Medieval laws existed to protect the rights of orphans. Medieval medicine approached the treatment of children separately from adults. In general, children were recognized as vulnerable, and in need of special protection.
http://historymedren.about.com/od/medievalchildren/a/child_intro.htm
During the Middle Ages, children born with physical defects or behavioral abnormalities were often viewed as evil or the product of supernatural forces. Changelings were infants believed to be exchanged in the still of the night by devils or goblins who removed the real child and left the changeling in its place.
http://www.deathreference.com/Ho-Ka/Infanticide.html
Many women from rich backgrounds would have married when they were teenagers. Medieval society had a different outlook to children when compared to today. Children from poor families would have worked from the earliest age possible and they were treated as adults from the age of ten or eleven. Many girls from poor families did not get married until they were in their twenties. Girls from richer families tended to marry earlier than girls from poor families. The poorer families needed as many working for them as was possible, so a daughter getting married at an early age would have deprived them of a worker. This was not true for a rich family.
http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/medieval_women.htm
In noble and bourgeois families , the children were often also an instrument to enlarge family’s holdings and wealth through advantageous marriages. Thus parents often arranged marriages of their children while they were only infants. http://www.medievaltimes.info/medieval-life-and-society/children-in-the-middle-ages.html
If the child lived through the first year, it was soon walking and talking. Young children would have been given small chores like feeding the chickens or washing the dishes, but were otherwise free to play up until the age of around seven. Peasant children whose families were almost always poor wouldn't have had many toys. Fathers and older siblings might make a child a wooden spinning top, a doll, or a set of blocks. Most of the time though, children played with what was available and used their imaginations.
Around the age of seven, children began to learn what they would need to know for their adult lives. Younger male children might attend a village school run by the local church. There they would learn important prayers and songs, and a smattering of Latin and mathematics. When a male child was old enough to be useful, he would go to work with his father or another villager as an apprentice. As an apprentice, the boy would learn everything he would need to support himself and his family. Most male children, especially the eldest, worked the same job as their father. Girl children didn't usually receive formal schooling. Instead, they stayed home with their mothers and learned how to be a good housewife and mother. They learned how to weave cloth, cook, grow vegetables, make butter, clean house, tend children, and other necessary things.
http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/history/middleages/pdailylife.html
Formal education was unusual in the Middle Ages, although by the fifteenth century there were schooling options to prepare a child for his future. Some cities such as London had schools that children of both genders attended during the day. Here they learned to read and write, a skill that became a prerequisite for acceptance as an apprentice in many Guilds. A small percentage of peasant children managed to attend school in order to learn how to read and write and understand basic math; this usually took place at a monastery. For this education, their parents had to pay the lord a fine and usually promise that the child would not take ecclesiastical orders. When they grew up, these students would use what they'd learned to keep village or court records, or even to manage the lord's estate. Noble girls, and on occasion boys, were sometimes sent to live in nunneries in order to receive basic schooling. Nuns would teach them to read (and possibly to write) and make sure they knew their prayers. Girls were very likely taught spinning and needlework and other domestic skills to prepare them for marriage. Occasionally such students would become nuns themselves.
http://historymedren.about.com/od/medievalchildren/a/child_learn.htm
Children were spanked as a means of protection rather than abuse.
http://historymedren.about.com/od/medievalchildren/a/child_play_3.htm
What are some of the necessities for a baby?
India
I was just wondering what are some of the things you could not live without when baby arrived. I am 26 weeks along with our little girl. Thank you for your help.
Answer
When preparing for a new baby, there are so many things you will need. It can be overwhelming, but here at Hip and Little, we insist that shopping should be fun! Here is our new baby checklist for the necessities, as well as a few cute optional items. Use it to plan your registry or your own shopping excursions.
Clothing - Necessities:
___ 6 - 12 bodysuits or baby Ts (depending on how often you want to do laundry). Shirts that snap or tie on the side are helpful for babies who don't like things going over their heads.
___ 6 - 9 pairs of soft, comfy pants.
___ 3 - 5 newborn gowns. These are great for quick diaper changes, especially when baby is sleepy.
___ 6 - 12 soft pjs.
___ 3 - 5 soft knit caps.
___ tons of socks and booties (these disappear quickly!)
___ 8 - 12 bibs
Clothing - Extras
___ 2 sweaters if the weather will be chilly.
___ 1 adorable take-home outfit.
___ Christening or other newborn welcoming ceremony clothing.
___ Tiny little fancy outfits that may never be worn.
Nursery - Necessities
___ Crib (unless you are planning on cosleeping).
___ Crib mattress
___ 2 Crib mattress pads
___ 3 - 5 Crib sheets
___ Cosleeper and sheets
___ Crib mobile (and possibly one for the changing table as well).
___ Dresser and/or changing table. There are many cute combos now that have a removable changing table top on a child-safe dresser.
___ Changing pad.
___ 2 - 4 Changing pad covers.
___ Shelves and bins for books and toys.
___ A clothing hamper
Nursery - Extras
___ Crib bedding set
___ Rocking chair or glider
___ Nursery artwork
___ A fun, colorful rug
___ A moses basket
___ Washable curtains (avoid having window blinds in the nursery because of safety issues).
___ Lamp (preferrably one that is not too bright, so it doesn't wake your baby further in the middle of the night) or nightlight.
___ music box or radio with lullaby CDs
___ Wooden closet hangers
___ Armoire or closet organizer
___ A cradle or bassinet
___ Diaper stacker
Baby Gear - Necessities
___ A baby carrier or sling
___ 4 - 6 receiving blankets
___ Infant carseat
___ Car sunshade (preferably the kind that sticks onto the window).
___ Car mirror (so your newborn can see you while facing backwards).
___ Stroller
___ High chair
___ Baby swing and/or bouncy seat
___ Tons of burp cloths
Bath - Necessities
___ Baby bathtub
___ 2 - 4 hooded towels
___ A dozen or so washcloths
___ Baby soap and shampoo
___ Cotton swaps and alcohol (for umbilical stump care).
___ Bath toys
Diapering
___ diapers
___ diaper pail
___ baby wipes
___ travel wipe container
___ diaper bag
___ changing pad
___ diaper ointment
Breastfeeding - Necessities
___ Box of disposable breast pads
___ 6 - 8 washable breast pads
___ 5 - 7 nursing bras
___ nursing tops and pajamas
___ Lanolin nipple cream (such as Lansinoh)
___ Boppy or other nursing pillow
___ Phone number of your local La Leche and/or lactation consultant
___ Breastpump, bottles and accessories (if needed)
Bottle Feeding - Necessites
___ 6 - 8 bottles
___ Newborn nipples
___ Bottle brush and drying rack
___ Bottle sterilizer
___ Formula
Safety - Necessities
___ Outlet covers (enough for your home outlets, plus a few for travel).
___ Cabinet locks
___ Baby monitor
___ Safety gates
___ Oven lock
___ Toilet locks
___ Earthquake straps (if you live in a earthquake-prone area)
___ Cord winders
___ CPR / First Aid class for you and family, babysitters, etc.
___ First Aid kit
___ Spout cover for bath tub
___ Playpen
Baby Health/Care
___ Pain reliever / fever reducer as recommended by your pediatrician
___ Thermometers (rectal and ear)
___ Baby size nail clippers
___ Hair brush
___ Teething ring / toy
Saving Memories
___ Camera (still and/or video)
___ Film, photo paper, and/or video cassettes
___ Scrapbook or photo album
___ Baby book and/or journal
___ Picture frames
___ Handprint/footprint keepsake kits
___ Personalized blanket or other custom item
___ Storage box for keepsakes such as the hospital bracelet, first haircut curls, etc.
It seems like a lot, but remember that you will receive much of these items as gifts and you can spread the rest out over time. Enjoy shopping for your baby!
When preparing for a new baby, there are so many things you will need. It can be overwhelming, but here at Hip and Little, we insist that shopping should be fun! Here is our new baby checklist for the necessities, as well as a few cute optional items. Use it to plan your registry or your own shopping excursions.
Clothing - Necessities:
___ 6 - 12 bodysuits or baby Ts (depending on how often you want to do laundry). Shirts that snap or tie on the side are helpful for babies who don't like things going over their heads.
___ 6 - 9 pairs of soft, comfy pants.
___ 3 - 5 newborn gowns. These are great for quick diaper changes, especially when baby is sleepy.
___ 6 - 12 soft pjs.
___ 3 - 5 soft knit caps.
___ tons of socks and booties (these disappear quickly!)
___ 8 - 12 bibs
Clothing - Extras
___ 2 sweaters if the weather will be chilly.
___ 1 adorable take-home outfit.
___ Christening or other newborn welcoming ceremony clothing.
___ Tiny little fancy outfits that may never be worn.
Nursery - Necessities
___ Crib (unless you are planning on cosleeping).
___ Crib mattress
___ 2 Crib mattress pads
___ 3 - 5 Crib sheets
___ Cosleeper and sheets
___ Crib mobile (and possibly one for the changing table as well).
___ Dresser and/or changing table. There are many cute combos now that have a removable changing table top on a child-safe dresser.
___ Changing pad.
___ 2 - 4 Changing pad covers.
___ Shelves and bins for books and toys.
___ A clothing hamper
Nursery - Extras
___ Crib bedding set
___ Rocking chair or glider
___ Nursery artwork
___ A fun, colorful rug
___ A moses basket
___ Washable curtains (avoid having window blinds in the nursery because of safety issues).
___ Lamp (preferrably one that is not too bright, so it doesn't wake your baby further in the middle of the night) or nightlight.
___ music box or radio with lullaby CDs
___ Wooden closet hangers
___ Armoire or closet organizer
___ A cradle or bassinet
___ Diaper stacker
Baby Gear - Necessities
___ A baby carrier or sling
___ 4 - 6 receiving blankets
___ Infant carseat
___ Car sunshade (preferably the kind that sticks onto the window).
___ Car mirror (so your newborn can see you while facing backwards).
___ Stroller
___ High chair
___ Baby swing and/or bouncy seat
___ Tons of burp cloths
Bath - Necessities
___ Baby bathtub
___ 2 - 4 hooded towels
___ A dozen or so washcloths
___ Baby soap and shampoo
___ Cotton swaps and alcohol (for umbilical stump care).
___ Bath toys
Diapering
___ diapers
___ diaper pail
___ baby wipes
___ travel wipe container
___ diaper bag
___ changing pad
___ diaper ointment
Breastfeeding - Necessities
___ Box of disposable breast pads
___ 6 - 8 washable breast pads
___ 5 - 7 nursing bras
___ nursing tops and pajamas
___ Lanolin nipple cream (such as Lansinoh)
___ Boppy or other nursing pillow
___ Phone number of your local La Leche and/or lactation consultant
___ Breastpump, bottles and accessories (if needed)
Bottle Feeding - Necessites
___ 6 - 8 bottles
___ Newborn nipples
___ Bottle brush and drying rack
___ Bottle sterilizer
___ Formula
Safety - Necessities
___ Outlet covers (enough for your home outlets, plus a few for travel).
___ Cabinet locks
___ Baby monitor
___ Safety gates
___ Oven lock
___ Toilet locks
___ Earthquake straps (if you live in a earthquake-prone area)
___ Cord winders
___ CPR / First Aid class for you and family, babysitters, etc.
___ First Aid kit
___ Spout cover for bath tub
___ Playpen
Baby Health/Care
___ Pain reliever / fever reducer as recommended by your pediatrician
___ Thermometers (rectal and ear)
___ Baby size nail clippers
___ Hair brush
___ Teething ring / toy
Saving Memories
___ Camera (still and/or video)
___ Film, photo paper, and/or video cassettes
___ Scrapbook or photo album
___ Baby book and/or journal
___ Picture frames
___ Handprint/footprint keepsake kits
___ Personalized blanket or other custom item
___ Storage box for keepsakes such as the hospital bracelet, first haircut curls, etc.
It seems like a lot, but remember that you will receive much of these items as gifts and you can spread the rest out over time. Enjoy shopping for your baby!
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